Acer palm. Butterfly

Planting Plant Acer palmatum ‘Butterfly’ in spring or autumn when the soil is moist and temperatures are mild. Choose a sheltered position with partial shade—morning sun is acceptable, but avoid hot afternoon sun which can scorch the delicate variegated leaves. Protection from cold, drying winds and late spring frosts is crucial to prevent damage to new growth.

The soil should be moist, well-drained, and slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0). Japanese maples dislike heavy clay or waterlogged conditions, so improve drainage by incorporating plenty of organic matter such as well-rotted compost or leaf mould. Dig a planting hole twice the width of the root ball but no deeper, ensuring the top of the root ball sits level with the surrounding soil. Backfill gently, firm the soil, water thoroughly, and apply a 5–7cm mulch of bark chips or leaf mould around the base, keeping it clear of the stem.

Watering Water regularly during the first two growing seasons to establish a strong root system. Once established, ‘Butterfly’ requires consistent moisture, especially during dry spells in spring and summer. The variegated foliage is more prone to stress than green-leaved varieties, so avoid allowing the soil to dry out completely. Container-grown specimens require more frequent watering. Avoid overhead watering in full sun, as water droplets can magnify sunlight and scorch the leaves.

Feeding Feed in early spring (March) with a slow-release balanced fertiliser or a feed formulated for acid-loving plants. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilisers, which can encourage soft, leggy growth and reduce the intensity of variegation. A light application of well-rotted compost or leaf mould as a top dressing in spring will provide gentle, sustained nutrition.

Pruning Japanese maples require minimal pruning and are best left to develop their natural shape. If necessary, prune in late summer or early autumn (August to September) when sap flow is reduced, avoiding late winter and early spring when maples “bleed” sap profusely. Remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches, and lightly thin crowded growth to improve air circulation. Watch for any shoots that revert to plain green foliage and remove these promptly at the base, as they are more vigorous and can overtake the variegated growth if left unchecked.

Mulching Refresh the mulch layer each spring to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and protect shallow roots from temperature extremes. Keep mulch away from the trunk to prevent rot and discourage pests.

Pests & Diseases Generally trouble-free. Occasionally affected by aphids in spring; treat with a gentle spray of water or horticultural soap if necessary. Watch for signs of verticillium wilt (wilting branches, discolouration)—remove affected branches promptly and improve soil drainage. Leaf scorch can occur in hot, dry, or windy conditions; ensure adequate watering and provide shelter. Variegated foliage is more susceptible to sun scorch than green leaves, so monitor closely during hot spells.

Companion Plants Pair ‘Butterfly’ with shade-loving perennials and shrubs that complement its soft variegation and delicate habit. Consider planting alongside Hosta (especially blue or white-variegated varieties), Astilbe, Hakonechloa (Japanese forest grass), Epimedium, Ferns such as Dryopteris or Athyrium, Helleborus, and spring bulbs like Erythronium, Anemone nemorosa, or white Narcissus. Underplant with low-growing groundcovers such as Ajuga reptans ‘Burgundy Glow’ or Lamium maculatum ‘White Nancy’ for harmonious variegation. Combine with other Japanese maples, Pieris, Rhododendron, Camellia, or Hydrangea for a layered woodland or Japanese garden scheme.

Design Suggestions Use Acer palmatum ‘Butterfly’ as a specimen tree in a prominent position where its variegated foliage can be admired throughout the seasons. Plant near a seating area, courtyard, or entrance where the intricate leaf detail can be appreciated up close. Grow in a large container on a patio or terrace for a stunning focal point that can be moved to protect from harsh weather. Incorporate into a mixed border with shade-loving perennials and shrubs, or use as an understory tree beneath taller specimens. Ideal for Japanese-inspired gardens, woodland edges, or shaded corners that need brightening. Its compact size and slow growth make it perfect for smaller gardens where space is at a premium and every plant must earn its place.